Sex-Differences in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency: Data From the EARCO Registry. in Archivos de bronconeumologia / Arch Bronconeumol. 2025 Jan;61(1):22-30. doi: 10.1016/j.arbres.2024.06.019. Epub 2024 Jul 9.

2025

Tipo pubblicazione

Comparative Study; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Observational Study;

Autori/Collaboratori (20)Elenco ridotto...

Trudzinski FC
Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: franziska.trudzinski@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
Herth F
Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.
Olivares Rivera A
Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.
Höger P
Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.
Koczulla AR
Pneumologische Rehabilitation, Deutsches Zentrum für Lungenforschung, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Schön Klinik Berchtesgadener, PMU Salzburg, Austria.
Bartošovská E
Thomayer hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Greulich T
University Medical Centre Giessen and Marburg, Philipps-University, Deparment of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany.
Barrecheguren M
Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus - Health Care Provider of the European Reference Network on Rare Respiratory Diseases (ERN LUNG), Barcelona, Spain.
Guimarães C
Pulmonology Department,Hospital Senhora da Oliveira, Guimarães, Portugal.
Chapman KR
University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Hernández Pérez JM
Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de La Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
Miravitlles M
Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus - Health Care Provider of the European Reference Network on Rare Respiratory Diseases (ERN LUNG), Barcelona, Spain.
Clarenbach CF
Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
López-Campos JL
Unidad Médico-Quirúrgica de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Rodríguez García C
Department of Pulmonology, Hospital Clínico-Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Interdisciplinary Research Group in Pulmonology, Institute of Health Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Corsico AG
Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Italy; Respiratory Diseases Division, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
Turner AM
Institute for Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom; University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Tanash H
Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Ersöz H
Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.
Torres-Durán M
Pneumology Service Hospital Alvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Institute for Health Research Galicia Sur (IISGS), Vigo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Sex and gender influence many aspects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Limited data are available on this topic in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD). We therefore aimed to investigate sex issues in the EARCO registry, a prospective, international, observational cohort study. METHODS: Baseline data from PiZZ individuals, enrolled in the registry with complete data on sex and smoking history were analysed by group comparisons and binary logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: 1283 patients with AATD, 49.3% women were analysed. Females reported less tobacco consumption (16.8±12.2 vs. 19.6±14.5 PY, p=0.006), occupational exposures towards gases, dusts or asbestos (p<0.005 each) and consumed less alcohol (5.5±7.6 vs. 8.4±10.3u/week, p<0.001). Females reported COPD (41% vs. 57%, p<0.001) and liver disease (11% vs. 20%, p<0.001) less often. However, they had a higher prevalence of bronchiectasis (24% vs. 13%, p<0.001). Despite better lung function (FEV(1)%pred. 73.6±29.9 vs. 62.7±29.5, p<0.001) females reported a similar symptom burden (CAT 13.4±9.5 vs. 12.5±8.9, p=ns) and exacerbation frequency (at least one in the previous year 30% vs. 26%, p=ns) compared to males. In multivariate analyses, female sex was an independent risk factor for exacerbations in the previous year OR 1.6 p=0.001 in addition to smoking history, COPD, asthma and bronchiectasis and was also identified as risk factors for symptom burden (CAT≥10) OR 1.4 p=0.014 besides age, BMI, COPD and smoking history. CONCLUSION: Men had higher rates of COPD and liver disease, women were more likely to have bronchiectasis. Women's higher symptom burden and exacerbation frequency suggest they may need tailored treatment approaches.

PMID : 39068055

DOI : 10.1016/j.arbres.2024.06.019

Keywords

Registries; Sex Factors; Smoking/epidemiology; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology/etiology; Prospective Studies; Prevalence; Occupational Exposure/adverse effects; Liver Diseases/epidemiology/etiology; Comorbidity; Bronchiectasis/epidemiology/etiology; alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency/epidemiology/complications; Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology; Middle Aged; Male; Humans; Female; Aged;